https://www.opsearch.us/index.php/us <p><strong>OPSearch: American Journal of Open Research</strong> is a scientific journal in the form of research and can be accessed openly. This journal is published monthly by Academia Open Publisher.</p> <p><strong>OPSearch: American Journal of Open Research</strong> provides a means for ongoing discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scope of the journal that can be examined empirically. This journal publishes research articles covering multidisciplinary sciences, including humanities and social sciences, education, religious sciences, philosophy, economics, engineering sciences, and health sciences.</p> Academia Open Publisher en-US OPSearch: American Journal of Open Research 2834-7668 https://www.opsearch.us/index.php/us/article/view/282 <p>Rapid advances in information and communication technology have transformed the landscape of criminal evidence, making electronic evidence increasingly central to criminal proceedings. Indonesia’s New Criminal Procedure Code (New CPC), enacted under Law Number 20 of 2025 and effective since January 2, 2026, formally recognizes electronic evidence yet provides limited procedural guidance. This study aims to analyze juridical problems concerning the validity of electronic evidence under the New CPC and assess its implications for legal certainty. The research employs normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, using secondary data analyzed qualitatively. Findings reveal four key issues: the absence of standardized authentication procedures, weaknesses in chain-of-custody mechanisms, disparities in judicial assessment, and unclear qualifications of digital forensic experts, all of which contribute to legal uncertainty and inconsistent judicial decisions. The study concludes that while the recognition of electronic evidence under the New CPC represents a major advancement, its effectiveness is limited by the absence of detailed technical regulations, requiring the urgent issuance of Supreme Court regulations to ensure uniform application and legal certainty. Strengthening procedural standards is essential to harmonize judicial practice and protect due process in digital-era criminal justice systems. This supports consistent evidentiary reliability across courts nationwide and reinforces the legal certainty framework needed.</p> Dwinoven Lumban Tobing Irma Cahyaningtyas Copyright (c) 2026 Dwinoven Lumban Tobing, Irma Cahyaningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 2026-07-08 2026-07-08 5 7 1735 1749 10.58811/opsearch.v5i7.282 https://www.opsearch.us/index.php/us/article/view/286 <p>This study is grounded in the growing concern over the separation between artistic creativity and spiritual experience in contemporary scholarship. While imagination is often treated as a cognitive or aesthetic function, its deeper existential and transcendent dimensions remain underexplored. The objective of this research is to examine how artistic creation is shaped by imaginal experiences within the spiritual journeys of three artists affiliated with the Qudusiyah Sufi Order. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological-hermeneutical approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation of artistic works produced by three informants representing visual art, music, and poetry. Purposive sampling was used to select participants with direct experience in both artistic practice and Sufi spiritual training. Data validity was ensured through triangulation, member checking, and interpretative consistency, while data analysis was conducted using thematic interpretation supported by NVivo software. The findings revealed that artistic creation is not merely a technical or imaginative act but a lived experience shaped by spiritual discipline, self-effacement (fana), and imaginal encounters. These experiences manifested differently across artistic forms but consistently reflected a transformation of inner consciousness that influenced creative expression. The discussion highlights how imaginal experiences serve as a bridge between spiritual practice and artistic production. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that artistic creativity within the Qudusiyah Sufi context is deeply rooted in transcendent experience, offering a more integrated understanding of art, spirituality, and human consciousness in contemporary creative practice.</p> Alfathri Adlin Yasraf Amir Piliang Bambang Sugiharto Irma Damajanti Copyright (c) 2026 Alfathri Adlin, Yasraf Amir Piliang, Bambang Sugiharto, Irma Damajanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 2026-07-08 2026-07-08 5 7 1750 1768 10.58811/opsearch.v5i7.286